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KMID : 0367419690100050015
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Journal of Korean Pediatric Society
1969 Volume.10 No. 5 p.15 ~ p.22
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Clinical Studies on Leukemia in Childhood
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洪彰義/Hong, Chang Yee
沈台燮/Shim, Tae Sub
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Abstract
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Ninety cases of leukemia in children, aged 0~14 years, who were admitted Seoul National University Hospital during the period from Jan. 1957 to Dec. 1966, were analysed clinically and hematologically.
The incidence of childhood leukemia was about 0.3% among the total patients who visited the hospital during the same period. There were 69 boys and 21 girls (sex ratio, 3.3:1). 44.4% of the cases occured in the age group, 0 to 4 years, 33.3% in the 5 to 9 years, and 22.2%, in the 10 to 14 years with a peak incidence at 4 years of age.
The incidence of tha various cytological types was as follows: acute lymphocytic 44%, acute myelocytic 31%, acute monocytic 6%, erythroleukemia 4%, chloroma 1%, unclassified acute leukemia 10% and chronic myelogenous leukemia 4%. Most of leukemias were acute form(96%) and high incidence of acute lymphocytic leukemia was noted under 4 years of age.
Common chief complaints were pallor(74%), fever(54%), lassitude(46%), hemorrhage or purpura(27%), bone or joint pain(18%)) in acute form and abdominal mass or distension in chronic form. Liver was palpated over one finger breath in 60% and spleen was palpated in 51% of the cases.
Hemoglobin value below 6g.100ml was found in 55 cases(65%), 6~9g/100ml, in 21 cases(26%), 9~12g/100ml in 7 cases(8%) and above 12g/100ml was only in one case.
Leukemia was noted over two third of cases; marked leukocytosis (above 50,000/mm(^3)) in 23% of the cases. In 13% of the cases, WBC count was below 5,000/mm.(^3)
In most of the cases, thrombocytes were decreased in number and it related closely to skin petechiae and bleeding tendency of mucous membrane; in 49% of the cases thrombocyte counts were below 50,000/mm(^3), in 45% between 50,000 and 150,000/mm(^3), and in only 6% they were above 150,000/mm(^3).
The longest survival was found in the group in which "cyclic" therapy with anti-leukemic drugs was given during the last 2 years, although the number of cases is not enough for drawing any conclusion.
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